中国驻英国大使郑泽光在《欧洲时报》英国版发表署名文章:中国的民族政策和民族治理|美国-欧洲杯足彩官网

中国驻英国大使郑泽光在15日出版的《欧洲时报》英国版上发表署名文章《中国的民族政策和民族治理》，全文刊载如下：

（郑泽光大使的署名文章发布在欧洲时报英国版第六百二十七期02版评论版面头条位置）

由于美国及其他西方国家长期的歪曲宣传，西方社会对中国的民族政策和民族治理有许多误读误解。事实上，在处理民族问题、保护少数民族的语言文化和传统方面，中国做得比美国及不少西方国家都好。现在是到了澄清事实、匡正视听的时候了。

中国是一个有14亿多人口的多民族国家，中华民族大家庭中有56个民族。中国实行民族区域自治制度，少数民族的语言文化得到了很好的保护。中国的民族政策有以下四个特点：

一是平等。56个民族无论人口多少都一律平等，都有参与国家事务管理的权利。新中国成立之初，中国政府主动对各少数民族进行识别，哪怕一个族群只有1000多人，也要承认他们的民族身份并给予特殊待遇。再小的民族也至少有一名全国人大代表行使国家最高权力。人民币除使用汉字之外，还使用了蒙古、藏、维吾尔、壮四种少数民族文字。少数民族可以多生孩子、少交税，还可以在政府部门得到重点培养和快速提拔。

二是自治。中国各少数民族聚居的地方推行区域自治，设立自治机关行使自治权，由少数民族自主管理本地区本民族内部事务。中国共有新疆、西藏、内蒙古、广西、宁夏等5个民族自治区，还有30个民族自治州、120个民族自治县。

三是发展。中国正在推进全体人民共同富裕的现代化，要求一个民族也不能少。中国政府实施了西部大开发战略和“兴边富民”行动，对少数民族地区倾斜资源、加大扶持，极大改善了当地发展。全国各部门各地方30多年如一日对口援助新疆、西藏。新疆维吾尔自治区成立60多年来，维吾尔族人口从220万增长到约1200万，人均预期寿命从30岁提高到74.7岁。西藏和平解放特别是民主改革以来，藏族人口从100万增加到300多万，西藏的人均寿命从35岁提高到72岁。

四是民族共同体。中国汉族以外的55个少数民族总人口1.25亿。中国作为一个统一的多民族国家，是历史上多次民族大融合的结果，中国文明也因此历经千年而不断。各民族早已结成利益攸关、命运与共的共同体。我们尊重和保护少数民族的风俗习惯、语言文字、宗教信仰。全国55个少数民族共使用28种文字和72种语言。中国现有依法登记的宗教活动场所14.4万处，其中清真寺3.5万余座，佛教寺院3.35万座，基督教教堂和聚会点约6万处。在保持各民族的多元性的同时，我们不断铸牢中华民族共同体意识，不断增强各族群众的中华文化认同。

中国的民族政策根植于中国独特的历史文化，有着自身的发展逻辑。经过不懈努力，中国走出了一条符合自身国情的中国特色解决民族问题的正确道路。我们愿同世界各国就民族政策和民族治理加强交流互鉴，推动各自取得更好发展，共同为人类文明与进步作出贡献。

（郑泽光大使用x账号发文）

以下是郑泽光大使在欧洲时报英文网站发布的英文文章全文：

due to years of disinformation campaign by the united states and other western countries, there are many misunderstandings and misperceptions about china among people in the west. but the fact is, when it comes to managing ethnic affairs, and protecting the languages, cultures, and customs of ethnic minorities, china has done a better job than the us and a large number of other western countries. it is time to set the record straight and people learn the truth.

here are some basic facts: china is a multi-ethnic country with more than 1.4 billion people; there are 56 ethnic groups in the large family of the chinese nation; china practices a system of regional ethnic autonomy; and the languages and cultures of ethnic minorities in china are well protected.

with that in mind, there are four key words to help one fully grasp china’s ethnic policy:

first, equality. the 56 ethnic groups in china are all equal regardless of their size, and are entitled to participate in the governance of state affairs. in the early days of the people’s republic, the government took the initiative to identify all ethnic minorities. any minority group, even if its population was slightly over 1,000 people, was recognised as an ethnicity and accorded preferential arrangements. today, no matter how small an ethnic group is, it has at least one representative in the national people's congress, taking part in the exercise of the highest power of the country.

on any rmb banknote, one can see characters of mongolian, tibetan, uyghur and zhuang languages, apart from mandarin. ethnic minority people can have more children and pay less taxes, and are provided with more opportunities to get training and promotion in government institutions.

second, autonomy. in areas with sizable ethnic minority populations, regional autonomy is practiced, with autonomous organs exercising the power of self-government, and ethnic minority groups independently administering affairs in their groups. in china, there are five provincial-level ethnic autonomous regions including xinjiang, xizang, inner mongolia, guangxi, and ningxia, as well as 30 ethnic autonomous prefectures and 120 ethnic autonomous counties.

third, development. china is promoting modernisation that features common prosperity for all, and this means that no ethnic group will be left behind. the chinese government has made great efforts to develop the western regions of the country and taken active actions to revitalise border areas and enrich local residents’ lives. ethnic minority areas have benefited tremendously from preferential resources and support from the government.

for example, for more than 30 years, government departments and other localities across the country have been providing paired-up assistance to xinjiang and xizang. over the past 60 plus years since the establishment of the xinjiang uyghur autonomous region, the uyghur population has increased from 2.2 million to around 12 million, and the average life expectancy there has grown from 30 to 74.7 years. since xizang's peaceful liberation and especially after its democratic reform, the ethnic population there has increased from 1 million to more than 3 million, and the average life expectancy in xizang has grown from 35 to 72 years.

fourth, unity. china's 55 ethnic minorities have a combined population of 125 million. china has been a unified multi-ethnic country as a result of multiple rounds of great ethnic integration in history, and this has contributed enormously to the uninterrupted development of the chinese civilisation spanning thousands of years. together, ethnic groups in china have long become a community with common interests and a shared future.

we respect and protect the customs, languages, and religious beliefs of ethnic minorities. a total of 28 written languages and 72 spoken languages are used by the country's 55 ethnic minorities. there are 144,000 registered religious activity sites in china, including more than 35,000 mosques, 33,500 buddhist temples, and about 60,000 christian churches and gathering venues. while working to preserve ethnic diversity, we are also striving to build a stronger chinese national and cultural identity among all ethnic groups.

all in all, china's ethnic policy is rooted in the country’s unique history and culture, and has its own development logic. through unremitting efforts, china has found the right path to manage ethnic issues with chinese characteristics and in line with its own national conditions. we are ready to strengthen exchanges with other countries on ethnic policy and governance, and learn from each other, for the betterment of all, and for the progress of human civilisation.

（英伦圈推荐，原文刊载自《欧洲时报·英国版》，转载请注明。）

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